NANVL() Function in Oracle

In Oracle, the NANVL() function allows us to deal with NaN values by specifying another number to return in its place.

The way it works is, it accepts two arguments. If the first argument is NaN (not a number), it returns the second argument. If the first argument is a number, then it simply returns that number.

Note that this function is useful only for floating-point numbers of type BINARY_FLOAT or BINARY_DOUBLE.

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NLS_INITCAP() Function in Oracle

In Oracle, the NLS_INITCAP() function returns its argument with the first letter of each word in uppercase, and all other letters in lowercase.

However, the actual capitalisation will depend on the collation being used. For example, it could result in more than the first letter being capitalised.

It’s similar to the INITCAP() function, except that it accepts a second argument that allows you to specify the collation. The collation handles special linguistic requirements for case conversions. 

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