In SQLite, the json_extract() function extracts and returns one or more values from well-formed JSON.
We pass the JSON as an argument when we call the function, and it returns the applicable value/s.
We can specify one or more paths to extract from the JSON document.
In SQLite, the json_array_length() function returns the number of elements in a given JSON array.
The array is provided as an argument. If the array is embedded within a larger JSON document, we can use an optional second argument to specify the path to the array.
If the value is not an array, the function returns 0.
The SQLite json_group_object() function is an aggregate function that returns a JSON object comprised of all name/value pairs in the aggregation.
In other words, it constructs a JSON object from the values provided by its arguments.
The SQLite json_group_array() function is an aggregate function that returns a JSON array comprised of all values in the aggregation.
In other words, it constructs an array from the values provided by its argument.
In SQLite, the json_valid() function checks whether or not its argument is well-formed JSON.
It returns 1 if the argument is well-formed JSON, and 0 if it’s not.
In SQLite, the json_array() function returns a well-formed JSON array based on its arguments.
The function accepts zero or more arguments, and each argument becomes an element in the resulting array.
The SQLite json_object() function returns a well-formed JSON object based on its arguments.
The function accepts zero or more pairs of arguments and returns a well-formed JSON object based on those arguments.
In SQLite, the json() function converts raw text that looks like JSON into actual JSON.
We pass a JSON string as an argument when we call the function. The json() function then checks that the argument is a valid JSON string and returns a minified version of that JSON string. If the argument is not a well-formed JSON string, then an error is thrown.
However, the json() function was not designed to test whether or not a value is valid JSON. To do that, use the json_valid() function instead.
SQLite’s JSON functions and operators are now enabled by default, starting from SQLite 3.38.0 (released on 22 February 2022).
In SQLite, substring() is an alias for substr().
It returns a substring from a string, based on a given starting location within the string. Two arguments are required, and a third optional argument is accepted.
The substring() naming was introduced in SQLite 3.34.0, which was released on 1st December 2020. The reason that the substring() syntax was introduced was for compatibility with SQL Server.