When using the GROUP BY clause in SQL Server, we can use the GROUPING SETS() option to combine multiple GROUP BY clauses into one GROUP BY clause. When we do this, the results are the equivalent of doing a UNION ALL of the specified groups.
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How GROUP BY CUBE() Works in SQL Server
SQL Server provides GROUP BY CUBE() functionality that we can use in our SQL queries, which creates groups for all possible combinations of columns.
It’s similar to the GROUP BY ROLLUP() functionality, except that it can provide us with more information, due to the fact that it groups all possible combinations.
Understanding GROUP BY ROLLUP() in SQL Server
When we use the GROUP BY clause in SQL Server, we have several options for specifying how the GROUP BY operation is applied. One such option is the ROLLUP modifier. We can use this modifier to create subtotals and grand totals.
SQL Server GROUPING() Function Explained
In SQL Server, the GROUPING() function is used to distinguish the null values that are returned by ROLLUP, CUBE, or GROUPING SETS from standard null values.
Basically it tells us whether a specified column expression in a GROUP BY list is aggregated or not.
The GROUPING() function returns either 1 or 0 (1 indicates that the column expression is aggregated and 0 indicates that it’s not).
Understanding the CHECKSUM_AGG() Function in SQL Server
SQL Server has a CHECKSUM_AGG() function that allows us to get the checksum of the values in a group. This can be useful for detecting changes in the values in a column.
An Introduction to the APPROX_PERCENTILE_DISC() Function in SQL Server
In SQL Server, the APPROX_PERCENTILE_DISC() function calculates and returns an approximate percentile based on a discrete distribution of the column values.
We pass the desired percentile to the function when we call it.
Continue readingAn Overview of the APPROX_PERCENTILE_CONT() Function in SQL Server
In SQL Server, the APPROX_PERCENTILE_CONT() function calculates and returns an approximate percentile based on a continuous distribution of the column value. This is an interpolated value from the set of values in a group based on percentile value and sort specification.
Understanding the AVG() Function in SQL Server
Like most other RDBMSs, SQL Server has an AVG() function that returns the average of the values in a group.
Below are examples that demonstrate how the AVG() function works in SQL Server.
Introduction to the GREATEST() Function in SQL Server
In SQL Server, the GREATEST() function returns the maximum value from a list of one or more expressions.
The GREATEST() function was introduced in SQL Server 2022 (along with the LEAST() function).
An Overview of the LEAST() Function in SQL Server
SQL Server 2022 introduced the LEAST() and GREATEST() functions, which allow us to get the minimum or maximum value from a list of expressions.
The LEAST() function returns the minimum value from a list of one or more expressions.