A graph database is a database that uses a graphical model to represent and store the data.
The graph database model is an alternative to the relational model.
In a relational database, data is stored in tables using a rigid structure with a predefined schema.
In a graph database, there is no predefined schema as such. Rather, any schema is simply a reflection of the data that has been entered. As more varied data is entered, the schema grows accordingly.
An MPP database is a massively parallel processing database (MPP stands for Massively Parallel Processing).
Massively parallel processing refers to the use of a large number of processors (or separate computers) to perform a set of coordinated computations in parallel (simultaneously).
ORDBMS stands for Object-Relational Database Management System.
An ORDBMS is a database management system that is a hybrid between the object-oriented model (OODBMS) and the relational model (RDBMS).
Each of those two models has their strengths and weaknesses. By combining the two models, a DBMS can take advantage of various strengths from each model.
OODBMS stands for Object-Oriented Database Management System.
An object-oriented database management system (also known simply as an object database) is a DBMS where data is represented in the form of objects, as used in object-oriented programming.
In contrast to relational database management systems (RDBMSs), where data is stored in tables with rows and columns, an object-oriented database stores complex data and relationships between data directly, without mapping to relational rows and columns.
A data warehouse is a large collection of data that can be used to help an organisation make key business decisions.
Here’s a more precise definition of the term,  as coined by Bill Inmon, (considered by many to be “the father of data warehousing”):
A data warehouse is a subject-oriented, integrated, nonvolatile, and time-variant collection of data in support of management’s decisions.
The term big data refers to the massive amounts of data – both structured and unstructured – that inundate organisations on a day-to-day basis.
Typically, big data is so large, and accumulates so fast, that traditional data storage and processing applications are inadequate.
The big data industry helps organisations capture and analyse their big data, so that those organisations can make more informed business decisions.
DBMS stands for Database Management System.
A database management system is an application that enables the creation and administration of databases. Database management system is a broad term that includes any system that performs that function.
The most common type of DBMS is an RDBMS (Relational Database Management System). RDBMSs allow you to create relational databases – databases that have multiple tables that contain related data.
The Input Mask Wizard is a feature of Microsoft Access that helps you create an input mask.
An input mask allows you to specify exactly how data should be entered into the database. It’s an expression that specifies certain rules about how the data should be formatted as it is entered into the system.
Here’s an example of an input mask:
(999) 000-0000
This specifies the format that a phone number must be entered. The number 9 indicates an optional character. The number 0 specifies a mandatory one. So in this example, the area code is optional.
The Expression Builder is a component of Microsoft Access that helps you build expressions. It allows you to look up and build expressions without having to remember how to type the full expression.
In database terms, a schema (pronounced “skee-muh” or “skee-mah”) is the organisation and structure of a database. Both schemas and schemata can be used as plural forms.
A schema contains schema objects, which could be tables, columns, data types, views, stored procedures, relationships, primary keys, foreign keys, etc.
A database schema can be represented in a visual diagram, which shows the database objects and their relationship with each other.
Above is a simple example of a schema diagram. It shows three tables, along with their data types, relationships between the tables, as well as their primary keys and foreign keys.