There are a couple of approaches we can use to concatenate strings and numbers in MySQL.
CONCAT() function, which concatenates its arguments.||), which concatenates its operands.Below are examples of each.
Oracle Database has the TO_CHAR(datetime) function that enables us to get various date parts from a datetime value.
There’s also the EXTRACT(datetime) function that extracts a specific datetime unit (e.g. day, month, year, etc).
When using SQLcl to run queries against Oracle Database, you can specify the output of the query results using the following two options:
SET SQLFORMAT commandIn PostgreSQL, the CONCAT() function concatenates the text representations of its arguments.
By default, two pipe characters (||) are treated as a logical OR operator in MariaDB. However, you can change this behaviour if you like.
You can update your sql_mode to include the PIPES_AS_CONCAT option, in which case two pipes will be treated as a concatenation operator.
There are quite a few ways to add this option to your sql_mode. You can add it explicitly. Or you can set your sql_mode to an option that sets it implicitly.
I run through these options below.
In SQLite, we can use the strftime() function to return datetime values in our chosen format.
Therefore, we can use it to extract the day, month, and year from a date.
When using the TO_CHAR() function to format a number in Oracle Database, you can use the S format element to return its sign (i.e. a plus sign for positive values, and a minus sign for negative values).
You can also use the MI format element to return negative values with a trailing negative sign, and positive values with a trailing blank.
MySQL supports the use of the pipe concatenation operator (||) for concatenating its operands. However, you need to enable it first.
PostgreSQL provides us with several ways to get the day, month, and year from a date.
Three functions that immediately come to mind are; DATE_PART(), EXTRACT(), and TO_CHAR().
When using SQLcl with Oracle Database, you can export your query results to an XML file with the SPOOL command.