How to Format Numbers with Commas in SQL

Most of the major RDBMSs have functions that enable us to format numbers with commas as either the group separator, or the decimal separator.

Some RDBMSs also output certain numeric data types with commas in the relevant place.

Below are examples of formatting numbers with commas in some of the more popular DBMSs.

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SQL LPAD()

In SQL, LPAD()is a commonly used function that pads the left part of a string with a specified character. The function can be used on strings and numbers, although depending on the DBMS, numbers may have to be passed as a string before they can be padded.

DBMSs that have an LPAD() function include MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.

DBMSs that don’t have an LPAD() function include SQL Server and SQLite (although there are other ways to apply left padding in these DBMSs).

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SQL RPAD()

In SQL, RPAD()is used to pad the right part of a string with a specified character. The function can be used on strings and numbers, although depending on the DBMS, numbers may have to be passed as a string before they can be padded.

DBMSs that have an RPAD() function include MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.

DBMSs that don’t have an RPAD() function include SQL Server and SQLite.

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