You can run the following query to return all the collations that are supported in your instance of SQL Server:
SELECT name, description FROM sys.fn_helpcollations();
Note that this returns quite a long list. Running that statement on SQL Server 2017 returns 3955 collations.
You can narrow the result set down if you’re interested in a particular collation.
For example, you can do something like this:
SELECT name, description FROM sys.fn_helpcollations() WHERE name LIKE 'Latin%';
This returns only those collations that begin with “Latin”.
Here’s what that query returns in SQL Server 2017:
| Latin1_General_BIN | Latin1-General, binary sort |
| Latin1_General_BIN2 | Latin1-General, binary code point comparison sort |
| Latin1_General_CI_AI | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CI_AI_WS | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_CI_AI_KS | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CI_AI_KS_WS | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_CI_AS | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CI_AS_WS | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_CI_AS_KS | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CI_AS_KS_WS | Latin1-General, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AI | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AI_WS | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AI_KS | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AI_KS_WS | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AS | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AS_WS | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AS_KS | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_CS_AS_KS_WS | Latin1-General, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_BIN | Latin1-General-100, binary sort |
| Latin1_General_100_BIN2 | Latin1-General-100, binary code point comparison sort |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI_KS | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI_KS_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_KS | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_KS_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI_KS | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI_KS_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_KS | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_KS_WS | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI_KS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AI_KS_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_KS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_KS_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-insensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI_KS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AI_KS_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-insensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-insensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_KS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-insensitive, supplementary characters |
| Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_KS_WS_SC | Latin1-General-100, case-sensitive, accent-sensitive, kanatype-sensitive, width-sensitive, supplementary characters |